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Drupal Twig Theming

I need to... Guide
Understand how Twig templates work in Drupal Twig Overview
Name my template file correctly Template Discovery & Naming
Know what templates exist in what order Template Hierarchy
Know what variables are available in html/page/node/field templates Variables by Template Level
Access a field value in a Twig template Accessing Field Values
Follow entity references (node → media → image) Entity Reference Traversal
Loop over multi-value fields Multi-Value Fields
Add/remove CSS classes and HTML attributes The Attribute System
Write a preprocess function Preprocess Functions
Pass custom data from PHP to a template Adding Variables in Preprocess
Register a new theme hook Theme Hooks & Registration
Add or override template suggestions Template Suggestions
Use url(), path(), link(), file_url() in Twig Drupal Twig Functions
Use |t, |without, |clean_class, |render in Twig Drupal Twig Filters
Use twig_tweak to render a view/block/entity Twig Tweak Module
Include an SDC component from a Twig template SDC in Templates
Debug which template is being used Template Debugging
Use extends, include, embed Template Inheritance
Know security and performance rules Security & Performance
Avoid common Twig mistakes Anti-Patterns
Find the relevant core source files Code Reference Map